The Latin phrases
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The first phrase to be mentioned is "Nemo me impune lacessit". This phrase, according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, means no one attacks me with impunity. This phrase appears shortly after the story begins and is used to describe Montresor's coat of arms and motto. But, this phrase has to have more meaning than some nonesense fact about a coat of arms. If one thinks more deeply on these words, it can bring to the conclusion that revenge shall be had on those who pose a threat. In other words, no one gets away with pulling anything on Montresor. This could be a hint towards the severity of this situation in Montresor's opinion which brings him to his conclusion on how to deal with the attack made against him in some way. Of course, it is very possible that Montresor interpretted this in a much more drastic measure than necessary, but nonetheless this is the motto that he follows throughout the story. Montresor refuses to let Fortunato get away with his actions against him.
The second phrase, appearing at the end of the story, reads as follows "In pace requiescat." This translates to in peace may he rest. It is the last line of The Cask of Amontillado and it really captures the feelings of Montresor at the end of all that has happened. From first read, it would seem that this is the concluding of what has happened to Forunato and how his fate was unescapable. It could seem that this line was said in mockery of Forunato, who would be resting among the bones of the other dead ones around him. But, there is more to it than just what seems outstanding. Montresor kept this information of the murder within himself for fifty years; this memory had stayed with Montresor until he was on his deathbed and this was the first time that the word was out. He had spoken of the unknown crime for the first time, and if for lack of better words, was able to be at peace with himself. Therefore, Montresor too could rest in peace knowing that he had shared the truth of his actions that were committed through the wrath of revenge.